Glass processing –

Glassblowing is the oldest and most spectacular glassmaking technique, in which 1100°C hot, viscous glass is picked up at the glassblower's pipe, expanded by controlled blowing of air, and shaped into hollow objects by constant rotation under gravity and the use of traditional tools such as wooden molds, scissors, and punty – a dynamic process that requires craftsmanship, a sense of timing, and the ability to work precisely in the narrow window between too hot and too cold, with each piece becoming a unique, vibrant, organic work of art through the direct interaction between glassblower, material, and fire.

Fusing and thermoforming are furnace-based techniques for producing flat and shaped glass elements. In fusing, multiple layers of glass, colored pieces, or textured elements are arranged on a work surface and fused together in a furnace at 750-820°C. Thermoforming, on the other hand, allows already fused or flat glass to sink over or into molds at lower temperatures to create three-dimensional bowls, plates, or curved objects. Both processes allow precise control over color gradients, patterns, and levels of transparency and are particularly suitable for functional objects and artistic flat pieces.

Glass casting enables the production of massive, solid glass objects by pouring molten glass into prepared molds made of plaster, ceramic, or graphite, where it cools in a controlled manner and assumes the exact negative shape. This technique is particularly suitable for sculptural works with complex geometries, strong wall thicknesses, and optical effects through light refraction in the solid material. Various casting methods, from direct melt casting to pâte de verre to the lost-wax process, produce different aesthetic qualities, from crystal-clear transparency to translucent, structured surfaces with trapped air bubbles and color gradients.

Fusing and thermoforming are furnace-based techniques for producing flat and shaped glass elements. In fusing, multiple layers of glass, colored pieces, or textured elements are arranged on a work surface and fused together in a furnace at 750-820°C. Thermoforming, on the other hand, allows already fused or flat glass to sink over or into molds at lower temperatures to create three-dimensional bowls, plates, or curved objects. Both processes allow precise control over color gradients, patterns, and levels of transparency and are particularly suitable for functional objects and artistic flat pieces.